pipes and weirs operate on the same principles, but installation decisions depend on
the hydrological and physical characteristics of the stream banks.) The weirs consist
of a reinforced dam with a rectangular spillway and a V-shaped notch of a specified
size and shape. A sensor located in the catchment area behind the weir measures
water pressure, which can then be converted to flow with a linear equation relating
pressure to area using the known area of the notch. At the time of this research, the
data was stored in an onsite data logger and downloaded to a portable device at
predetermined intervals, although a local wireless network was under construction to
allow near-real-time data streaming from the data logger for processing and
uploading to the internet.
Processing consists of several sequential steps for quality control and transformation
of initial readings into stream discharge measurements. One of the issues associated
with this system in particular, and such networks in general, is detection of and
adjustment for sensor malfunction. The data is range-checked to provide a broad
determination of sensor function at the level of individual values, then adjusted by a
specified equation for known sensor drift. The final stream-flow data product is then
calculated from this adjusted value.
Some (hopefully large) percentage of data values will undergo this process as
described, but there are a number of ways in which errors can occur and be
corrected. Errors such as missing data may be the result of intermittent equipment
or transmission errors, or ongoing situations such as winter ice buildup. These errors
may be corrected by various gap-filling or modeling approaches, such as substituting
an average of several previous data values. The process for such corrections could
easily be more complicated than the original. However errors are handled, it is
important that it does not interfere with the subsequent processing of the remaining
data.
3. Getting Started with Eclipse
The Basics
We will use Eclipse as the editor for this project. Eclipse is available on all major platforms:
Linux, Windows and Mac. You can download Eclipse for your own personal computer for
free from http://www.eclipse.org. Eclipse has become one of the most widely used software
development environments in recent years for Java programming. It is built with a plug-in
architecture that allows it to be extended in many ways. We will be using Eclipse not just
for our Java programming but also for our Little-JIL programming.
To start Eclipse on the Macs, go to the Applications folder by clicking on the
Applications icon on the left side of a Finder window. Find the folder named
Eclipse and double-click on it. Then double-click on the Eclipse icon. To
make it easier to start Eclipse the next time that you login, drag the Eclipse
icon from the Finder window into the Dock at the bottom of the screen. You
will then be able to start Eclipse in the future by clicking on the icon in the
Dock.
Eclipse maintains all your code in a “workspace”. The workspace contains a collection of
projects, where each project typically corresponds to a single program. When you first start
Eclipse, you need to select the arrow icon on the right middle side of the window that says
“Go to Workbench”. It will then ask you where it should create the workspace. Create a
folder for the workspace, called “workspace” or “HFworkspace” or something similar.
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